DGI:ZNS-Infektionen/Nosokomiale Ventrikulitis und Meningitis/Klinisches Bild: Unterschied zwischen den Versionen

Version vom 22. Dezember 2020, 19:23 Uhr

Klinisches Bild

Leitsymptome

Die initialen Symptome sind unspezifisch und bestehen typischerweise aus Kopfschmerzen, Übelkeit, Lethargie bzw. Vigilanzminderung, Fieber, Meningismus und Photo- und Phonophobie. Je nach Katheterlage kommen neben einem möglichen Erythem und Verhärtung über dem Kathetersystem weitere Symptome hinzu:

ventrikuloperitonealer (VP) Shunt

Peritonitis
abdominalen Druckempfindlichkeit

ventrikulopleuraler Shunt

Pleuritis

ventrikuloatrialer (VA) Shunt

Bakteriämie
Glomerulonephritis

Epidemiologie

Die Inzidenz von Shuntinfekten wird zwischen 5 und 41% angegeben, wobei die intraoperative Infektionsrate unter 4% beträgt.

Die Infektinzidenz von externen Liquorableitungen wird mit ca. 11 / 1000 Kathetertage angegeben, dabei liegt die Inzidenz bei Kathetern, die bis zu 7 Tagen liegen, bei ca. 20 / 1000d, bei einer Liegedauer zwischen 7 und 10 Tagen bei ca. 13 / 1000d und ab 10 Tagen Liegedauer bei 8 / 1000d [1^[1]].

↑ Vincent JL, Rello J, Marshall J, Silva E, Anzueto A, Martin CD, Moreno R, Lipman J, Gomersall C, Sakr Y, Reinhart K, EPIC II Group of Investigators. International study of the prevalence and outcomes of infection in intensive care units. JAMA 2009; 2;302(21):2323-9

[1] Vincent JL, Rello J, Marshall J, Silva E, Anzueto A, Martin CD, Moreno R, Lipman J, Gomersall C, Sakr Y, Reinhart K, EPIC II Group of Investigators. International study of the prevalence and outcomes of infection in intensive care units. JAMA 2009; 2;302(21):2323-9

[1]

@@ Zeile 1: / Zeile 1: @@
-== Klinisches Bild ==
+==Klinisches Bild==
-=== <span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="font-size:13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:DE" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;font-size:13.5pt;\nmso-fareast-font-family:\&quot;Times New Roman\&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;\nmso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:DE&quot;}">Leitsymptome</span> ===
+===<span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="font-size:13.5pt; mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:DE" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;font-size:13.5pt;\nmso-fareast-font-family:\&quot;Times New Roman\&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;\nmso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:DE&quot;}">Leitsymptome</span>===
 <span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="font-size:12.0pt;
 mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;
@@ Zeile 9: / Zeile 9: @@
 Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:DE" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:\&quot;Times New Roman\&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:\nCalibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:DE&quot;}">ventrikuloperitonealer (VP) Shunt</span>
-* <span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:DE" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:\n\&quot;Times New Roman\&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;\nmso-ansi-language:DE&quot;}">Peritonitis</span>
+*<span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:DE" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:\n\&quot;Times New Roman\&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;\nmso-ansi-language:DE&quot;}">Peritonitis</span>
-* <span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:DE" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:\n\&quot;Times New Roman\&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;\nmso-ansi-language:DE&quot;}">abdominalen Druckempfindlichkeit</span>
+*<span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:DE" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:\n\&quot;Times New Roman\&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;\nmso-ansi-language:DE&quot;}">abdominalen Druckempfindlichkeit</span>
 <span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:
 Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:DE" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:\&quot;Times New Roman\&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:\nCalibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:DE&quot;}">ventrikulopleuraler Shunt</span>
-* <span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:DE" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:\n\&quot;Times New Roman\&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;\nmso-ansi-language:DE&quot;}">Pleuritis</span>
+*<span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:DE" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:\n\&quot;Times New Roman\&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;\nmso-ansi-language:DE&quot;}">Pleuritis</span>
 <span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:
 Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:DE" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:\&quot;Times New Roman\&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:\nCalibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:DE&quot;}">ventrikuloatrialer (VA) Shunt</span>
-* <span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:DE" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:\n\&quot;Times New Roman\&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;\nmso-ansi-language:DE&quot;}">Bakteriämie</span>
+*<span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:DE" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:\n\&quot;Times New Roman\&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;\nmso-ansi-language:DE&quot;}">Bakteriämie</span>
-* <span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:DE" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:\n\&quot;Times New Roman\&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;\nmso-ansi-language:DE&quot;}">Glomerulonephritis</span>
+*<span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-ansi-language:DE" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:\n\&quot;Times New Roman\&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;\nmso-ansi-language:DE&quot;}">Glomerulonephritis</span>
-=== Epidemiologie ===
+===Epidemiologie===
 <span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="font-size:12.0pt;
 mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;
@@ Zeile 31: / Zeile 31: @@
 mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;
 mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:DE" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;font-size:12.0pt;\nmso-fareast-font-family:\&quot;Times New Roman\&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;\nmso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:DE&quot;}">Die Infektinzidenz von externen Liquorableitungen wird mit ca. 11 / 1000 Kathetertage angegeben, dabei liegt die Inzidenz bei Kathetern, die bis zu 7 Tagen liegen, bei ca. 20 / 1000d, bei einer Liegedauer zwischen 7 und 10 Tagen bei ca. 13 / 1000d und ab 10 Tagen Liegedauer bei 8 / 1000d </span><span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:
-Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:DE" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:\&quot;Times New Roman\&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:\nCalibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:DE&quot;}"><span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="mso-no-proof:yes" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;mso-no-proof:yes&quot;}">[1]</span></span><span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:
+Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:DE" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:\&quot;Times New Roman\&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:\nCalibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:DE&quot;}"><span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="mso-no-proof:yes" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;mso-no-proof:yes&quot;}">[1</span></span><ref><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51)">Vincent JL, Rello J, Marshall J, Silva E, Anzueto A, Martin CD, Moreno R, Lipman J, Gomersall C, Sakr Y, Reinhart K, EPIC II Group of Investigators. International study of the prevalence and outcomes of infection in intensive care units. JAMA 2009; 2;302(21):2323-9</span></ref><span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:
+Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:DE" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:\&quot;Times New Roman\&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:\nCalibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-ansi-language:DE&quot;}"><span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="mso-no-proof:yes" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;mso-no-proof:yes&quot;}">]</span></span><span class="ve-pasteProtect" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:
 &quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;
 mso-ansi-language:DE" data-ve-attributes="{&quot;style&quot;:&quot;font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:\n\&quot;Times New Roman\&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:Calibri;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;\nmso-ansi-language:DE&quot;}">.</span>
 <br />